• Development of an atmospheric chemistry model coupled to the PALM model system 6.0: implementation and first applications 

      Khan, Basit; Banzhaf, Sabine; Chan, Edward C.; Forkel, Renate; Kanani-Sühring, Farah; Ketelsen, Klaus; Kurppa, Mona; Maronga, Bjørn; Mauder, Matthias; Raasch, Siegfried; Russo, Emmanuele; Schaap, Martijn; Sühring, Matthias (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      In this article we describe the implementation of an online-coupled gas-phase chemistry model in the turbulence-resolving PALM model system 6.0 (formerly an abbreviation for Parallelized Large-eddy Simulation Model and now ...
    • Importance of radiative transfer processes in urban climate models: A study based on the PALM 6.0 model system 

      Salim, Mohamed H.; Schubert, Sebastian; Resler, Jaroslav; Krč, Pavel; Maronga, Bjørn; Kanani-Sühring, Farah; Sühring, Matthias; Schneider, Christoph (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      Including radiative transfer processes within the urban canopy layer into microscale urban climate models (UCMs) is essential to obtain realistic model results. These processes include the interaction of buildings and ...
    • Modeling of land–surface interactions in the PALM model system 6.0: land surface model description, first evaluation, and sensitivity to model parameters 

      Gehrke, Katrin Frieda; Sühring, Matthias; Maronga, Bjørn (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      In this paper the land surface model embedded in the PALM model system is described and evaluated against in situ measurements at Cabauw, Netherlands. A total of 2 consecutive clear-sky days are simulated, and the components ...
    • A nested multi-scale system implemented in the large-eddy simulation model PALM model system 6.0 

      Hellsten, Antti; Ketelsen, Klaus; Sühring, Matthias; Auvinen, Mikko; Maronga, Bjørn; Knigge, Christoph; Barmpas, Fotios; Tsegas, George; Moussiopoulos, Nicolas; Raasch, Siegfried (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      Large-eddy simulation (LES) provides a physically sound approach to study complex turbulent processes within the atmospheric boundary layer including urban boundary layer flows. However, such flow problems often involve a ...
    • Overview of the PALM model system 6.0 

      Maronga, Bjørn; Banzhaf, Sabine; Burmeister, Cornelia; Esch, Thomas; Forkel, Renate; Fröhlich, Dominik; Fuka, Vladimir; Gehrke, Katrin Frieda; Geletič, Jan; Giersch, Sebastian; Gronemeier, Tobias; Groß, Günter; Heldens, Wieke; Hellsten, Antti; Hoffmann, Fabian; Inagaki, Atsushi; Kadasch, Eckhard; Kanani-Sühring, Farah; Ketelsen, Klaus; Ali Khan, Basit; Knigge, Christoph; Knoop, Helge; Krč, Pavel; Kurppa, Mona; Maamari, Halim; Matzarakis, Andreas; Mauder, Matthias; Pallasch, Matthias; Pavlik, Dirk; Pfafferott, Jens; Resler, Jaroslav; Rissmann, Sascha; Russo, Emmanuele; Salim, Mohamed; Schrempf, Michael; Schwenkel, Johannes; Seckmeyer, Gunther; Schubert, Sebastian; Sühring, Matthias; von Tils, Robert; Vollmer, Lukas; Ward, Simon; Witha, Björn; Wurps, Hauke; Zeidler, Julian; Raasch, Siegfried (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      In this paper, we describe the PALM model system 6.0. PALM (formerly an abbreviation for Parallelized Large-eddy Simulation Model and now an independent name) is a Fortran-based code and has been applied for studying a ...